Custom Home from Sulawesi Provinces

Custom Home refers to the traditional vernacular architecture of Indonesia. Ethnic groups in Indonesia a often associated with their own distinctive form of  The houses are at the centre of a web of customs, social relations, traditional laws, taboos, myths and religions that bind the villagers together. The house provides the main focus for the family and its community, and is the point of departure for many activities of its residents. Villagers build their own homes, or a community will pool their resources for a structure built under the direction of a master builder and/or a carpenter.The vast majority of Indonesian’s no longer live in rumah adat, and the numbers have declined rapidly due to economic, technological, and social changes.

SOUTH SULAWESI

Tongkonan, custom home from South Sulawesi

This custom home from Tana Toraja. This custom home has a unique shape resembles a boat from the Royal China in ancient times. Tongkonan also touted similar to custom homes from West Sumatra, which is home sieve. This custom home is still livable as a daily activity.
"Tongkonan" itself comes from the word "tongkon" which means sitting. Tongkonan enabled to central government, the power of indigenous cultural and social development of the people of Tana Toraja in the ancient times. This home is a legacy for generations of ancestors rang Toraja.Rumah Tana could not owned by individualsThe house is considered as the mother tongkonan by Toraja Society. While his father was alang sura (granary). Tongkonan house has three sections in it, namely the northern, central, and south. Tengalok, namely in the northern part of the room serves as a living room and a children's bedroom, as well as a place to put offerings. Connecting space, namely north room is a room for the head of the family but also considered as a source of disease. The last room, which is the center of the room called Sali. This room serves as a dining room, meeting room, kitchen, as well as a place to put the dead.Tongkonan Layuk or Tongkonan Pesio' Aluk, Tongkonan Pekaindoran or Pekaindoran, and Tongkonan Stone tongkonan A'riri a type that has a particular function. First, Tongkonan Layuk or Tongkonan Pesio' Aluk, which is a place to create and compile socio-religious rules.The second type of Tongkonan Pekaindoran or Pekamberan or Tongkonan kaparengngesan, namely Tongkonan that serves as a place of management or regulatory customs administration, based on the rule of Tongkonan Pesio' Aluk. Stone Tongkonan tongkonan A'riri that serves as support.North is an important direction for custom homes and communities tongkonan Tana Toraja. All home tongkonan facing north. North and end up lining the roof to the north is a symbol that their ancestors came from the north and in due time they will be reunited in the north.Buffalo head can not be separated from tongkonan custom homes. Buffalo head is characteristic of tongkonan home . Buffalo head is attached in front of the house and the horns of the buffalo on the main mast in front of every house. The more the number of buffalo horn are mounted on the front of the house , the higher the degree of the family. Buffalo horns in front of the family's economic ability tongkonan symbolizes that inhabit the house while his family members funeral.Buffalo sacrificed in large numbers each in the Toraja ceremonies like funerals. Sacrificed buffalo horns then mounted on a family -owned tongkonan concerned. The more horns mounted on the front tongkonan the higher the social status of the family homeowners tongkonan.Aluk To Dolo are four basic colors, namely black, red, yellow, and white represents the original trust Toraja. Death and darkness symbolized by the color black, while yellow symbolizes grace and divine power. Red is the color that symbolizes the blood of human life. While the meat and bones symbolized by the color white which is holy.On the west side mounted jaw ever in slaughtered buffaloes. On the right side are facing eastwards mounted jaw pigs.Toraja Tongkonan different manor than people generally. That is on the walls, windows, and columns, decorated with delicate carving patterns, detail, and variety. There is a pictorial carving chickens, pigs , and buffalo, as well as interspersed tendrils resemble plants.Uniqueness contained in tongkonan home is not used metallic element (like a nail) in making tongkonan. Tongkonan custom home will continue to be built and redecorated by the Toraja people. It was not because of improvement but rather to maintain the prestige and influence of the nobility. The rebuilding of homes will be accompanied by elaborate ceremonies tongkonan involving all citizens and not much different from a funeral.Rumat custom Tana Toraja, Tongkonan, submitted to the government in the list of world cultural heritage of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) since 2010 .

WEST SULAWESI

Boyang, custom home from West Sulawesi

Custom homes west Sulawesi, called by the name "BOYANG". in West Sulawesi terapat tribe called Mandar tribe. Mandar tribe is the only tribe in the marine archipelago is geographically come face to face with the deep sea. Oceans in a yard their homes. Once they wake up, they will be greeted by the roar of the sea and caressed by the sea breeze. Natural conditions Mandar teach people how to adapt in order to survive (to borrow the language of Durkheim, the struggle for survival), and building culture.

NORTH SULAWESI

 Walewangko, custom home from North Sulawesi

The house is a traditional house Walewangko Minahasa, North Sulawesi. This custom home stands on pillars and beams that support the floor, two of which must not be spliced.Walewangko under house used to store crops (Godong). Located at the front door of the house, but there are stairs up to the left and right as well as the center of the back of the house. Space at the front, called Lesar, no walls, where tribal chiefs or heads give notice to the people.The second, is sekey a front porch, walled, located after the entrance. This space serves to receive guests and menyelenggarkan ceremonies, as well as a place to entertain invitations.Living room, called pores, a place to receive guests extant family ties as well as a place to receive her guests . In the living room there are bedrooms. Family dining room as well as a day-to- day activities of women are in the back, continued with a kitchen.Walewangko house is the home stage built on pillars and beams of which are the beams should not be spliced. All over the house is made of wood.Walewangko house has two ladders. It's on the left and right side of the front of the house. That said, two ladders were intended to ward off evil spirits. So, if there is an evil spirit that rose from one stairway , then he will go back down the stairs next to it .Formerly, the Minahasa traditional house only consisted of one room only. If one must be separated, usually only laid the cable or rope fibers only, which then hung mat. Today, the house has several rooms Walewangko . For example , the overhang of the setup used to receive guests. Pores, for parents bedroom and girls . And sangkor used as a granary. This custom home, the kitchen is usually separated from the main house.

CENTRAL SULAWESI

 Tambi, custom home from Central Sulawesi

Tambi house is a house on top of a wooden pole bonati. The rectangular shape of the house and a pyramid -shaped roof made ​​of sago palm leaves or fibers. Its size depends on the ability of their respective owners. The main room (lobona) of the house is not divided into rooms, only in the middle there is the kitchen (Rapu) equipped with a stove cooking place. All around the walls of the home-made ​​Asari or extending around the main room. Rectangular door facing the front. At the door leaf motif carved buffalo head. Staircase made ​​of hardwood and ditakik round. Number of steps between 3-5 pieces, depending on the level of the house.In the traditional house exterior wall there tambi roof only functioned as building the wall as cover. But on the inside of the building there is a wall as a room divider bulkhead eg bed space (Asari), and wall storage of valuables (pu'ono). Then the ladder that is in use on custom homes using wood materials dopi tambi round with a slope of ± 50-60 degrees. At the top of the stairs there is a carved human head.In the traditional buildings are decorated with various forms of decoration that use of certain motifs, particularly motifs of fauna and flora. Fauna with a decorative motif consisting of pebaula (shaped head and a buffalo horn) and bati (head carved buffalo, chicken, or pork). This decorative carved not like regular carving objects, but only until smooth and neatly chiselled. Carved buffalo is a symbol of wealth homeowners, while decorative pig symbolizes wealth, prosperity and fertility homeowners.Tambi home design yet effective enough in responding to the tropical highland climate, because climate has not been able to modify the outside to be comfortable conditions within the building (due to limited elements Tambi house in modifying temperature conditions tend to be low).

SOUTHEAST SULAWESI

Malige, custom home from Southeast Sulawesi

Rig or rigs main building takes the form of the Palace of the Sultan of Buton ( called Malige ) are magnificent . Although established only with each hook , without straps or nails , this building can stand strong and majestic above the password that underlie basic . Sculpture of two horses yan males are fighting , auxiliary buildings , describes the tradition of pitting horses are favored Muna Island Southeast SulawesiThe building is intentionally displayed because the original buildings still exist on the island of Buton and is a historic cultural heritage . In the courtyard pavilion is equipped with statues dressed indigenous people of the region , among others, Buton , Muna , Kendari and Koloka . Also statue 2 male horses that are competing , fighting over a mare . Pogerano depict scenes in Ajara , type of complaint, the typical horse Southeast Sulawesi , and is the game of kings . Besides Anoa , deer and others.Buton Buton custom home or a building at the top of the pole , and entirely of wood . Banguanannya consists of four levels or four floors . The first floor space larger than the second floor . While the fourth floor is greater than the third floor , so further up the smaller or cramped office , but on the fourth floor a little more broad .The entire building without using nails in the making , but using wooden pegs or nails . Front pillars consists of 5 pieces that lined the back to eight rows , the total is up to 40 poles . Towering above the center pole to pole and is the principal called Tutumbu which means to grow steadily . The poles are made of wood wala da everything quadrangular . For the common people , round poles . Usually these pillars peak clipped .By looking at the number of pole beside it be known who or what is the position of the owner . Traditional houses have 4 pieces of the post means the home consists of 3 plots a commoner house . Poster custom home side 6 units will have 5 plots or space , this house is usually owned by employees or the members of indigenous Sultan Buton sultanate . While having a custom home side pole 8 pieces means the house has 7 rooms and is specific to the Sultan of Buton .The layout of the rooms in the palace are as follows :

1. The first floor consists of 7 plots or room , function room sebgai first and second place to receive  guests or members Hadat courtroom Buton kingdom . The third room is divided in two , the left side is used for the guest bedroom , and right as the guest dining room . The fourth room is also divided into two function rooms sebgai Sultan children who are married . Dining room space sebgai fifth Sultan , or guest room inside , while the sixth and seventh room from left to right as treason child diperguakan perempouan grown Sultan , Sultan room and room boys mature Sultan . In Southeast Sulawesi platforms , this first floor construction or arrangement of the room has been changed in accordance with the purposes , as a cultural aspect of the exhibition and demonstration area. Here exhibited traditional oversized clothes and their Kendari king queen , king Muna also oversized clothes , warlords or Kapitalao , Banto chief minister or the officer Balano and Pasi heirloom royal officials . Everything is on display with the traditional form of dress dummy . Gues even this dioamerkan in various types of silver kerajiana results Kendari , craft - woven wicker , woven as well as heirlooms , some goci and various animals that have been preserved such as turtles , birds Meleo , scaly turtles , monitor lizards , hornbills and others. 
2. The second floor rooms are divided into 14 pieces , which is 7 rooms on the right side and 7 on the left side of the room . Each room has its own staircase until there are 7 stairs on the left and 7 staircase right , all 14 pieces of the ladder . Function rooms are for family living , as an office , and a warehouse . Large room that is located in front of the Sultan family living room , while larger again as the Hall .
3. The third floor serves as a recreation 
4. Fourth floor serves as a drying place . Besides building Malige room there is a building of such homes mecil stage , which is used as a kitchen , that is associated with the gang at the top of the pole anyway . In this building the bridge on the [ use as an office pavilion . At Malige building there are 2 kinds of ornaments , the dragon ukira contained above rooftops , and pineapple carving board hanging on the eaves , and under the front side rooms . As for the second decoration mengandunga deep meaning , which is carved dragon is a symbol of the greatness of the kingdom of Buton .

While carved pineapple , the pineapple stems that only grow a pineapple course , symbolizes that there is only one in the kingdom of Buton Sultan . Pineapple flower crowned , meaning that the right to the royal parasol umbrella with only Sultan Buton alone . Pineapple is a fruit seed , but seedlings do not grow pineapples from the seed , but the new shoots arise from rumpunya . This means that the sultanate of Buton not bear children as an heirloom that can be passed down to his own son . Philosophy pineapple in dilambangakan as sultanate of Buton , Buton and Malige like human cavities . Anjugan Southeast Sulawesi built since 1973 and their occupational inaugurated in 1975 .Acting as a designer mainly on building parent is the custom of the former sultanate of Buton . On the bridge there are arena show with background reliefs , depicting the culture in Southeast Sulawesi . In this arena on Sundays or public holidays dipagelarkan traditional arts such as dance , among others Kalegoa dance , dance Lariangi , Balumpa dance , dance Malulo and others. Last type of dance is a dance that is danced socially by forming a circle , when the size of the circle has reached a wide arena , again formed a new circle in it , so it goes in a circle in layers as more and more people who involve themselves Malulo danced this dance .

GORONTALO 

 Dulohupa, custom home from Gorontalo

The existence of custom homes as a form of material culture in a variety of areas in Indonesia has significance in the light of history , heritage , and social progress in a civilization . Custom homes in the area in Indonesia is the highest representation of culture in a community in a particular area .One of the many custom homes that have historical significance , the representation of a community of his time and the progress of civilization is a custom home Dulohupa . Dulohupa custom home is a custom home in Gorontalo area . Grontalo in local languages ​​is Hulondhalo . Dulohupa custom home community as a cultural representation of Gorontalo has an important function in the lives of the people of Gorontalo .Dulohupa custom home that has a physical form and has a wooden pillar stage as part of the decoration is a traditional house that has a function hall meetings , the royal court for the royal traitor to trial three stages , namely rule Buwatulo Bala ( Stage security ) , Buwatulo Syara ( religious law stage Islam ) and Bawatulo traditional ( Phase customary law ) and plan the regional development activities and resolve local issues .Dulohupa name means a consensus to plan development activities and resolve local issues then Dulohupa home is a place for deliberation . Currently , the traditional house Dulohupa also used for wedding ceremonies . Currently Dulohupa custom home located in the village Limba , South city district , Gorontalo City . Precisely in around the island kalengkoan , Agus Salim Street and Tras Street Limboto - Isimu .Building Dulohupa have distinctive parts which shows that Dulohupa home as a place of public deliberation and representation Gorontalo . Dulohupa house which is called the Gorontalo Yiladia Dulohupa Lo Ulipu Hulondhalo made ​​of wood as a symbol of the traditional house Gorontalo .Dulohupa traditional house which is the home stage Gorontalo is a form of public awareness of the time who saw that the environmental conditions that often floods the houses on stilts built custom home Dulohupa . In the typical form of the roof made ​​of straw Gorontalo choice . Inside the house there are perlengakapn for marriage ceremonies , wedding and other valuables . In addition , on the back of the house there is a bridge that used to be a place for kings and courtiers to relax and unwind . House ( stage ) custom Dulohupa has another peculiarity that is in front of both sides there are stairs called Tolitihu.